Addressing a food desert to reduce type 2 diabetes disparity

A public health researcher analyzes the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the city of Springfield. Surveillance data reveal an incidence of 12 cases per 1,000 person-years in the low-income Eastside neighborhood (predominantly African American) compared with 4 cases per 1,000 person-years in the higher-income Westside neighborhood (predominantly white). Community surveys demonstrate that Eastside residents live in a food desert with no supermarkets within a 1-mile radius and rely primarily on corner stores offering calorie-dense processed foods. Eastside also lacks safe recreational spaces. Which of the following interventions would most effectively reduce the observed health disparity in diabetes incidence at the population level?

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